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| [[Category:All]]
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| [[Category:Texas Forts]]
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| [[Category:Needs Work]]
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| [[Category:Restored]]
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| [[Category:Preserved]]
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| [[Category:National Park]]
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| [[Category:Texas Fort Tour]]
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| [[Image:Fort Davis Barracks.jpg|600px|thumb|left|Fort Davis Barracks, 1986]]
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| '''Fort Davis (1854-1862)(1867-1891)''' - Established on the order of General [[Persifor F Smith]] on 23 Oct 1854 and named after the then Secretary of War, [[Jefferson Davis]]. The fort provided protection for the San Antonio - El Paso road which was a major link on the southern route to California.
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| {{Clr}}
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| ==The First Fort Davis (1854-1862)==
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| The first Fort Davis was initially commanded by Ltc. [[Washington Seawell]] and manned by 6 companies of the [[8th U.S. Infantry]]. Ltc. Seawell commanded the first Fort Davis for most of the years between 1854 and 1860. The fort was a large and important post in the southwest and often contained more than 400 officers and enlisted men. In 1861 the fort was abandoned by Union forces and occupied by units of the [[2nd Texas Mounted Rifles]]. In Aug 1862 Union forces regained control of the fort but did not occupy it until 1867, well after the conclusion of the [[U.S. Civil War]].
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| ==The Second Fort Davis (1867-1891)==
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| [[Image:Fort Davis Oct1867 NARA.jpg|Fort Davis, Oct 1867|thumb|500px|left]]
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| The fort was reoccupied in Jun 1867 by four troops of the [[9th U.S. Cavalry]] under Ltc. [[Wesley Merritt]]. At that point in time the [[9th U.S. Cavalry]] was composed of white officers and Negro enlisted men. Col. Merritt began the construction of a new stone fort on a plan that envisioned a row of 19 officers quarters facing a row of 6 barracks across a 500 foot long parade ground with supply and administrative buildings on either end. The new fort was located closer to the mouth of the canyon that had contained the original fort.<br>
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| Construction on the new fort was halted in March of 1869 and only 2 barracks and 10 sets of officers quarters were built and occupied. Few stone buildings were constructed. Additional facilities were built during the 1880's to house increasing troop levels and by 1890 more than 60 buildings and such amenities as an ice plant, gas street lamps and a water system were in place.<br>
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| Between 1867 and 1881 fort personnel were engaged in operations against hostile Indians in West Texas. During these years the fort was garrisoned by four regiments consisting of Negro soldiers and white officers. These units distinguished themselves in these operations and became known as "Buffalo Soldiers" to the Indians they fought. With the end of Indian hostilities in 1881 Fort Davis settled into a routine of drill and instruction. Operational duties included patrolling, road building and protection of railroad construction crews. Both the Southern Pacific Railroad and the Texas and Pacific Railroad bypassed Fort Davis and the importance of the post declined and the inevitable closure order came in Jun 1891. Company F, [[5th U.S. Infantry]] turned the post over to a caretaker and marched to Marfa to catch the train to San Antonio.
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| {{Clr}}
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| ==Current Status==
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| [[Image:Fort Davis Quarters.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Quarters surviving the years]]
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| [[Image:Fort Davis OfficersRow 1963 NPS.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Officer's row after restoration by NPS, 1963]]
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| Civilians occupied the quarters on Fort Davis for a number of years after the post closed and maintained the properties in reasonable condition thus saving it from the fate of most abandoned posts. In the 1930's the property was purchased by D.A. Simmons who performed additional maintenance and repair preserving it in the family until the 1960's. The property was acquired from his heirs in the 1960's and Fort Davis National Historic Site was established on July 14, 1963 and is administered by the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.
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| {{Clr}}
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| ==Fort Davis Commanders¹==
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| {|border="1"
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| |-valign="top"
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| {|
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| |-align="center"
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| |'''Name'''<br>
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| ----
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| |'''Rank'''<br>
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| ----
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| |'''Regiment'''<br>
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| ----
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| |'''Period served'''<br>
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| ----
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Washington Seawell]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Oct. 7, 1854—Aug. 30, 1856.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Arthur T. Lee]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Aug. 30, 1856—Mar. 31, 1857.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Washington Seawell]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Mar. 31, 1857—Nov. 17, 1859.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Theodore Fink]]
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| |1st lt.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Nov. 17, 1859—Apr. 26, 1860.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William McE. Dye]]
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| |1st lt.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Apr. 26, 1860—May 17, 1860.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Washington Seawell]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |May 17, 1860—July 10, 1860.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[James V Bomford]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |July 10, 1860—Sept. 18, 1860.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[James J Van Horn]]
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| |2d lt.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Sept. 18, 1860—Nov. 10, 1860.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[John G Taylor]]
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| |2d lt.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Nov. 10, 1860—Jan. 23. 1861.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Edward D Blake]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[8th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Jan. 23, 1861—Apr. 13, 1861.
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| |-
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| |colspan="4"|
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| ----
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Reuben E Mays]]
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| |Lt.
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| |[[2nd Texas Mounted Rifles|2nd Texas Mtd Rifles]]
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| |June 1861—August 1861.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[W. P. White]]
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| |Lt.
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| |[[2nd Texas Mounted Rifles|2nd Texas Mtd Rifles]]
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| |August 1861—August 1862.
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| |-
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| |colspan="4"|
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| ----
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Wesley Merritt]]
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| |Lt. col. and bvt. maj. gen.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |July 1, 1867—Nov. 29, 1867.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[James F Wade]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. col.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Nov. 29, 1867—March 1868.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[George A Purington]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. col.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |March 1868—May 1868.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[James G Birney]]
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| |1st lt. and bvt. capt.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |May 1868—June 1, 1868.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Wesley Merritt]]
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| |Lt. col. and bvt. maj. gen.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |June 1, 1868—Sept. 3, 1869.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William Bayard]]D
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| |Capt. and bvt. maj.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Sept. 3, 1869—Oct. 10, 1869.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[James F Wade]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. col.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Oct. 10, 1869—Nov. 26, 1869.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Edward Hatch]]
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| |Col. and bvt. maj. gen.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Nov. 26, 1869—Dec. 15, 1870.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[John W French]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Dec. 15, 1870—Feb. 12, 1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Andrew Sheridan]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. maj.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Feb. 12, 1871—May 18, 1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Shafter]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |May 18, 1871—June 18, 1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[John W French]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |June 18, 1871—July 9, 1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Shafter]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |July 9, 1871—Oct. 5, 1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Charles C Hood]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Oct. 5, 1871—Nov. 1,1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Shafter]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Nov. 1, 1871—Nov. 12, 1871.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Charles C Hood]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |NOV. 12, 1871—Jan. 1, 1872.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Shafter]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Jan. 1, 1872—May 26, 1872.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[George L Andrews]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |May 26, 1872—July 31, 1872.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Prank T Bennett]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[9th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |July 31, 1872—Aug. 8, 1872.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[George L Andrews]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Aug. 8, 1872—Mar. 4, 1873.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Zenas R Bliss]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Mar. 4, 1873—Aug. 23, 1873.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[David D Van Valzah]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Aug. 23, 1873—Sept. 1873.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[David D Van Valzah]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Apr. 14, 1874—Sept. 8, 1874.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[George L Andrews]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Sept. 8, 1874—Apr. 25, 1876.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Zenas R Bliss]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Apr. 25, 1876—Oct. 29, 1876.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[John W French]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Oct. 29, 1876—Nov. 26, 1876.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[George L Andrews]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Nov. 26, 1876—Aug. 30, 1878.
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| |}
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| {|
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| |-align="center"
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| |'''Name'''<br>
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| ----
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| |'''Rank'''<br>
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| ----
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| |'''Regiment'''<br>
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| ----
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| |'''Period served'''<br>
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| ----
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Louis H Carpenter]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Aug. 30, 1878—May 29, 1879.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Michael S Courtney]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. maj.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |May 29, 1879—June 13, 1879.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Louis H Carpenter]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |June 13, 1879—July 27, 1879.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[David B Wilson]]
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| |1st lt.
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| |[[25th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |July 27, 1879—Aug. 7, 1879.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Charles D Viele]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Aug. 7, 1879—Sept. 14, 1879.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Louis H Carpenter]]
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| |Capt. and bvt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Sept 14, 1879—Oct. 20, 1879.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Napoleon B Mc Laughlen]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. brig. gen.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Oct. 20, 1879—June 18, 1880.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[John E Yard]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[24th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |June 18, 1880—Oct. 15, 1880.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Napoleon B Mc Laughlen]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. brig. gen.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Oct. 15, 1880—Mar. 12, 1881.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Shafter]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[1st U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Mar. 12, 1881—May 13, 1882.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Alfred L Hough]]
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| |Lt. col. and bvt. col.
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| |[[16th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |May 13, 1882—Aug. 5, 1882.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Anson Mills]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Aug. 5, 1882—Nov. 20, 1882.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Benjamin Grierson]]
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| |Col. and bvt. maj. gen.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Nov. 20, 1882—Sept. 20, 1883.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Frederick Van Vliet]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Sept. 20, 1883—Nov. 3, 1883.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Benjamin Grierson]]
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| |Col. and bvt. maj. gen.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Nov. 3, 1883—Oct. 30, 1884.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Anson Mills]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Oct. 30, 1884—Nov. 3, 1884.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Frederick Van Vliet]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Nov. 3, 1884—Dec. 21, 1884.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Benjamin Grierson]]
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| |Col. and bvt. maj. gen.
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| |[[10th U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Dec. 21, 1884—Apr. 2, 1885.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William H Clapp]]
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| |Capt.
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| |[[16th U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Apr. 2, 1885—May 12, 1885.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Albert G Brackett]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |May 12, 1885—Oct. 9, 1885.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[David R Clendenin]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Oct. 9, 1885—Nov. 2, 1885.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Albert G Brackett]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Nov. 2, 1885—Jan. 28, 1886.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Caleb H Carlton]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Jan. 28, 1886—Feb. 2, 1886.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Albert G Brackett]]
| |
| |Col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Feb. 2, 1886—July 22, 1886.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Caleb H Carlton]]
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| |Maj. and bvt. lt. col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |July 22, 1886—Aug. 2, 1886.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[David R Clendenin]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Aug. 2, 1886—Oct. 18, 1886.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Albert G Brackett]]
| |
| |Col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
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| |Oct. 18, 1886—Mar. 22, 1887.
| |
| |- align="top"
| |
| |[[Albert G Brackett]]
| |
| |Lt. col.
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| |[[3rd U.S. Cavalry]]
| |
| |Mar. 22, 1887—Oct. 20, 1887.
| |
| |- align="top"
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| |[[Elmer Otis]]
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| |Col.
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| |[[8th U.S. Cavalry]]
| |
| |Oct. 20, 1887—May 9, 1888.
| |
| |- align="top"
| |
| |[[William Williams]]
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| |1st. lt.
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| |[[19th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |May 9, 1888—June 28, 1888.
| |
| |- align="top"
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| |[[Melville A Cochran]]
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| |Lt. col.
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| |[[5th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |June 28, 1888—Nov. 13, 1889.
| |
| |- align="top"
| |
| |[[Philip H Remington]]
| |
| |Capt.
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| |[[19th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |Nov. 13, 1889—Dec. 15, 1889.
| |
| |- align="top"
| |
| |[[Frank D Baldwin]]
| |
| |Capt.
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| |[[5th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |Dec. 15, 1889—Feb. 25, 1890.
| |
| |- align="top"
| |
| |[[Melville A Cochran]]
| |
| |Lt. col.
| |
| |[[5th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |Feb. 25, 1890—Aug. 10, 1890.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Samuel Ovenshine]]
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| |Maj.
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| |[[23rd U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Aug. 10, 1890—Oct. 14, 1890.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Kellogg]]
| |
| |Lt. col.
| |
| |[[5th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |Oct. 14, 1890—Nov. 28, 1890.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[Samuel Ovenshine]]
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| |Maj.
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| |[[23rd U.S. Infantry]]
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| |Nov. 28, 1890—Dec. 25, 1890.
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| |- align="top"
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| |[[William R Kellogg]]
| |
| |Lt. col.
| |
| |[[5th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |Dec. 25, 1890—May 18, 1891.
| |
| |- align="top"
| |
| |[[George P Borden]]
| |
| |Capt.
| |
| |[[5th U.S. Infantry]]
| |
| |May 18, 1891—June 30, 1891.
| |
| |}
| |
| |}
| |
| '''¹from Utley'''
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| {|
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| <googlemap lat="30.598321" lon="-103.892233" zoom="16" width="500" scale="yes" overview="yes" controls="large">
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| 30.598616, -103.892384, Fort Davis<br>(1854-1862)(1867-1891)
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| </googlemap>
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| |valign="top"|
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| '''Location:'''
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| Located just north of the town of Fort Davis in west Texas off Hwy 17 and 118.
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|
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| {{Mapit-US-cityscale|30.598616|-103.892233}}
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| * Elevation: 4856'
| |
| |}
| |
|
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| '''Links:'''
| |
| * [http://www.nps.gov/foda/index.htm Fort Davis National Historic Site]
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|
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| '''Sources:'''
| |
| * Utley, Robert M., [http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/hh/38/index.htm Fort Davis: National Historic Site Texas], National Park Service Historical Handbook Series 38, Washington, D.C. 1965
| |
|
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| '''Visited:''' 23 May 1986
| |
| ==Picture Gallery==
| |
| {{PictureHead}}
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Fort Davis Hosp.jpg|Fort Davis Hospital, 1986
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| Image:Fort Davis Officer Qtrs2.jpg|Fort Davis Officer's Row, 1986
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| </gallery>
| |
|
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| __NOTOC__
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| __NOEDITSECTION__
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