Eareckson Air Station

Eareckson Air Station (1977-Active) - A Cold War Air Force Cobra Dane Radar Station first established in 1977 on then Shemya Air Force Base on Shemya Island, Alaska. Renamed Eareckson Air Station in 1993 after Colonel William O. Eareckson, who commanded bomber operations during the Aleutian Campaign of World War II. Active Radar Station. History of Eareckson Air Station Established initially 1 Jan 1967 on Shemya Air Force Station and manned by the 16th Surveillance Squadron. Initial equipment included the FPS-17 Detection and FPS-80 Tracking Radars used to monitor Soviet Union space and missile activities. Cobra Dane Radar Station In July 1973, Raytheon won a contract to build the "Cobra Dane" system on Shemya Island in the Aleutian Islands off the Alaskan coast. The site was completed in 1976 and became operational on 1 Aug 1977 with the FPS-108 phased array radar manned by the 16th Space Control Squadron. The mission was to track Soviet missile tests and to support the Air Force Spacetrack System. a primary mission of monitoring Soviet tests of missiles launched from south-west Russia aimed at the Siberian Kamchatka peninsula. In 1993 completing a four year, major system modernization between 1990 and 1993 by Raytheon EDL for the COBRA DANE system modernization program. CDSM replaced the original mission computers, peripherals and radar displays, all of the operational software (approximately 300,000 lines of code), and several unsupportable radar hardware subsystems. The entire radar front end was retained. In April 1994, Air Force Space Command ceased operation of the COBRA DANE System, and the corollary and secondary missions of early warning and space surveillance were terminated. COBRA DANE continued supporting its primary intelligence mission without interruption, and the early warning and space surveillance mission capabilities were retained within the software for the possibility of future need. The space surveillance mission was suspended by the Air Force in 1994 due to budget constraints, but was reinstated as a limited duty contractor operation in 1999 for protection of the International Space Station and shuttle orbiter flights. The radar resumed full operation in 2002 to support increased spacetrack demands. The radar began its missile defense mission as a result of the Cobra Dane Upgrade program in 2004. This upgrade was largely a software modification, none of the system hardware was changed, but a new communications processor was added. Capabilities Stated range of 2000 miles with a scan width of about 120 degrees. Typical accuracies are 3 meters in range and 0.02 degrees in angle. In 1999, full-power tests focused on objects with altitudes below 600 km demonstrated that Cobra Dane could detect and track objects as small as 5 cm. It can detect objects as small as 4 cm. Partial Timeline of Significant Events 1 Jan 1967 - Inital radar site established on Shemya Air Force Station. 21 Jun 1968 - Shemya was redesignated from Shemya Air Force Station to Shemya Air Force Base. 1 Aug 1977 - Cobra Dane Radar declared operational. 1 Oct 1979 - Transferred from the Aerospace Defense Command to the Strategic Air Command 1 May 1983 - Transferred to the Air Force Space Command. 6 Apr 1993 - Shemya AFB renamed Eareckson Air Station. 1994 - Space surveillance mission suspended. 1 Apr 1995 - Eareckson Air Station converted to contractor operations and maintenance with Piquniq Management Corporation (PMC). 1999 - Reinstated as a limited duty contractor operation. 1 Jun 2000, Chugack Eareckson Support Services (CESS) Base Operations and Support (BOS) Contractor. 2002 - Resumed full-duty operation. 2004 - Began missile defense mission per Cobra Dane Upgrade program. 1 Apr 2013 - AFSC reassumed responsibility for Cobra Dane. Assigned to 13th Space Warning Squadron at Clear AFS, Alaska, and designated as 13th Space Warning Squadron, OL-Cobra Dane (13th SWS OL-Cobra Dane). Physical Plant Current Status Active Air Station. Cobra Dane maintained and operated by contractors, no military personnel assigned. Eareckson AFS Major Equipment List Radar Systems Data Systems FPS-17 FPS-80 FPS-108 Cyber 74 computer Unit Designations 16th Surveillance Squadron (1967-1977). 16th Space Control Squadron (1977-????). 13th Space Warning Squadron, Operating Location-Cobra Dane (2013-Present) 16th Space Control Squadron Assignments 1 Jan 1967 - 16th Surveillance Sq: organized at Shemya AFS, AK, assigned to the 73rd Aerospace Surveillance Wg. 3 Jan 1967 - Redesignated the 16th Surveillance Sq (from the 16th Aerospace Surveillance SQ). 30 Apr 1971 - Assigned to HQ 14th Aerospace Force. 1 Oct 1976 - Reassigned to Hq Alaskan ADCOM Rgn. 1 Dec 1979 - Reassigned to SAC. 1 Apr 2013 - Reassigned to Space Command, 13th Space Warning Squadron, OL-Cobra Dane Current Status Active Air Station Shemya Island, Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska. {"selectable":false,"width":"500"} Location: Shemya Island in Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska. Maps & Images Lat: 52.73735 Long: 174.09125 Multi Maps from ACME Maps from Bing Maps from Google Elevation: yyyyy' See Also: Permanent System Radar Sites US Radar Sets Sources: Cornett, Lloyd H. & Johnson, Mildred W., A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization (1946-1980), Office of History ADC, Peterson AFB, Colorado, 31 Dec 1980, 179 pages, Pdf, page 149. Winkler, David F., Searching the Skies: the Legacy of the United States Cold War Defense Radar Program, USAF Hq Air Combat Command, 1997, 192 pages, Pdf, page 50, 84-86, 97. USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Database Entry: 2369534 Links: Radomes - Eareckson Air Station Wikipedia - Eareckson Air Station Wikipedia - Cobra Dane FAS - FPS-108 Cobra Dane Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson - Eareckson AS Cobra Dane AFSC - Wing adopts new (again) space surveillance mission AFSC - Cobra Dane: A piece of history transitions to AFSPC Mostly Missile Defense - Space Surveillance Sensors: The Cobra Dane Radar (April 12, 2012) Visited: No