Fort Stevens (1): Difference between revisions
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In 1897 Fort Stevens underwent a massive re-fortification program to improve coastal defense that resulted in the construction of 8 concrete batteries around the original site. Two other forts, [[Fort Canby]] and [[Fort Columbia]], were built on the Washington side of the Columbia River to complete the Harbor Defense System. | In 1897 Fort Stevens underwent a massive re-fortification program to improve coastal defense that resulted in the construction of 8 concrete batteries around the original site. Two other forts, [[Fort Canby]] and [[Fort Columbia]], were built on the Washington side of the Columbia River to complete the Harbor Defense System. | ||
==[[World War II]]== | ==[[World War II]]== | ||
Fort Stevens was further modified during [[World War II]] and had the distinction of being the only stateside installation attacked by enemy forces since the war of 1812 when a Japanese submarine I25 fired 17 shells close to the fort. The fort did not return the fire | Fort Stevens was further modified during [[World War II]] and had the distinction of being the only stateside installation attacked by enemy forces since the war of 1812 when a Japanese submarine I25 fired 17 shells close to the fort. The fort did not return the fire because the submarine was out of range of Fort Stevens older guns. The submarine left without inflicting any damage. | ||
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Revision as of 21:50, 15 February 2008
Fort Stevens (1865-1947) - Named for General Isaac Stevens a Governor of the Washington Territory. The fort was built under supervision of the United States Army Engineers starting in July 1863. It was completed 8 Apr 1865 and was first occupied by a company of the Eighth California Volunteers, 25 April 1865. The garrison was withdrawn in 1882 and the post placed in the charge of an ordinance sergeant.
Endicott Period
In 1897 Fort Stevens underwent a massive re-fortification program to improve coastal defense that resulted in the construction of 8 concrete batteries around the original site. Two other forts, Fort Canby and Fort Columbia, were built on the Washington side of the Columbia River to complete the Harbor Defense System.
World War II
Fort Stevens was further modified during World War II and had the distinction of being the only stateside installation attacked by enemy forces since the war of 1812 when a Japanese submarine I25 fired 17 shells close to the fort. The fort did not return the fire because the submarine was out of range of Fort Stevens older guns. The submarine left without inflicting any damage.
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Forts and Batteries on Fort Stevens | |
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Current Status
After World War II Fort Stevens was deactivated and by 1947 all the armament had been removed. Oregon State Parks leased the old fort area in 1975 and continues restoring and interpreting the fort.
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Location: Situated at the mouth of the Columbia River and located nine miles from Astoria in Clatsop County, Oregon. Maps & Images Lat: 46.206953 Long: -123.962688 |
Sources:
- Roberts, Robert B., Encyclopedia of Historic Forts: The Military, Pioneer, and Trading Posts of the United States, Macmillan, New York, 1988, 10th printing, ISBN 0-02-926880-X, page 668
- Hart, Herbert M., Tour Guide to Old Western Forts, Pruett Publishing Co., Boulder CO, 1980, ISBN 0-87108-568-2, page 136
- Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W., Fortress America: The Forts That Defended America, 1600 to the Present, DaCapo Press, 2004, ISBN 0-306-81294-0, page 346
- Oregon Military History, Forts-Camps-Roads
Links:
Visited: 28 Jan 2007, 15 Feb 2006, 27 Aug 2005
Picture Gallery
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Click on the pictures to see a larger version. |
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Map of Fort Steven Facilities, photo by J Stanton, Feb 2006 -
Barracks at Fort Stevens, 1954 -
Guardhouse at Fort Stevens, 1954 -
Officer Quarters at Fort Stevens, 1962 -
Batteries Pratt, Lewis and Walker at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Battery Lewis at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Battery Walker at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Battery Pratt at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Replica of 6-inch Rifle at Battery Pratt, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Moat Surrounding the Earthworks Fort at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Inside the Earthworks Fort at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
Battery 245 at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006 -
South Jetty at Fort Stevens, JStanton, Feb 2006
